ABSTRACT
Introducción. El asma bronquial es una enfermedad inflamatoria crónica de las vías respiratorias. La reversibilidad de sus síntomas es su característica. La carga epigenética es un factor importante. Las estadísticas de mortalidad son una fuente importante de información para la salud ya que nos permite establecer estrategias terapéuticas preventivas. La Clasificación Internacional de Enfermedades CIE 10 nos provee un sistema alfanumérico vasto y didáctico. Objetivos. (1) Informar las tasas y porcentajes de fallecimientos por enfermedades del aparato respiratorio ocurridas entre los años 2000 a 2007 en la Provincia de Santa Fe y (2) Informar qué porcentaje y tasas de fallecimientos ocupa el asma bronquial dentro de las enfermedades crónicas de las vías respiratorias Inferiores. Material y métodos. El Ministerio de Salud de Santa Fe suministró los datos obtenidos de los certificados de defunción en el período 2000-2007; los informes se hacen en base a las normas de la OMS a través de la CIE 10, agrupados en el cap. 10 J00 a J99. Resultados. Objetivo 1: haciendo el análisis de los grupos J00 a J99 se puede observar que el mayor porcentaje de muerte es debido a neumonías agudas (J10 a J18) con 37%, le siguen J95 a J99 con 27%. Luego J40-J47 con el 22%. Este grupo incluye al asma y estado asmático con 3% del total. Los códigos J80 -84 y J60- 70 siguen con el 7 y 6% respectivamente. Objetivo 2: cuando analizamos en número y porcentaje las causas de muerte en el grupo 5 (J40-47), el grupo J44 (EPOC) tiene 82%, el grupo J45-46 (asma) 11%, el grupo J43 (enfisema) 4%, elgrupo J41-42 (bronquitis) 3% y el grupo J47 (bronquiectasias) menos del 1%. La tasa de mortalidad por asma bronquial en la provincia de Santa Fe años 2000- 2007 da un promedio anual de 24 muertes por millón de habitantes. En el grupo de 5-34 años es de 1,2 por millón de habitantes. La tasa de mortalidad por EPOC en el mismo período da un promedio de 187 por millón de habitantes. Conclusiones. Las tasas de muerte por asma son altas y los porcentajes de otras patologías del aparato respiratorio también son altas. La única fuente de datos son los certificados de defunción y es poco precisa a la hora de realizar estadísticas a pesar de ser coherentes comparando los datos de diferentes regiones del mundo. Para ajustar las estadísticas deberíamos analizar si el enfermo muere por su asma (válida) o muere con su asma (no válida). (AU)
Background. Bronchial asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways characterized by the reversibility of symptoms. The epigenetic burden is a major factor. Mortality statistics are an important source of health information since they allow us to establish preventive treatment strategies. The International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision (ICD-10) provides an extensive and educational alphanumeric system. Aims: (1) To report rates and percentages of respiratory system deaths occurred between years 2000-2007 in the province of Santa Fe; and (2) To report rates and percentages of deaths due to bronchial asthma among "chronic diseases of the lower respiratory system". Material and methods: The Ministry of Health of Santa Fe provided data from death records for the period between 2000 and 2007. Reports are based on WHO norms using the ICD-10 codes J00 to J99 from chapter X. Results: (1) A detailed analysis of codes J00 to J99 showed that the highest percentage of deaths are due to acute pneumonias (J10 to J18), accounting for 37% of deaths, followed by codes J95 to J99 with 27% and codes J40-J47 with 22%. This last group includes asthma and status asthmaticus with 3% of the total. There follow codes J80 -84 and J60-70 with 7% and 6%, respectively. (2) After assessing the number and percentages of causes of death from chronic lower respiratory diseases (J40-47), code J44 (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) accounts for 82% of deaths, codes J45-46 (asthma-status asthmaticus) for 11%, code J43 (emphysema) for 4%, codes J41-42 (bronchitis) for 3% and code J47 (bronchiectasis) for less than 1%. Over the period 2000-2007, mortality rates from bronchial asthma in the province of Santa Fe yield an annual average of 24 deaths per million inhabitants; being 1.2 deaths per million inhabitants in the 5-34 age-groups. COPD mortality rates during that same period give an average of 187 deaths per million inhabitants. Conclusions. Asthma death rates are high as well as percentages from other respiratory system conditions. The only source of data are death records, which are scarce and imprecise to perform statistical calculations; despite being consistent with data from different regions of the world. To adjust statistics, we should determine if patients die from their asthma (valid) or with their asthma (not valid).(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Respiratory Tract Diseases , Asthma/mortality , Mortality , Respiratory SystemABSTRACT
Mold allergy in frequently involved in the etiopathogenesis of allergy respiratory diseases and it is important for us to determine the fungal classes that most frequently cohabit with men in our region, and under which condition of temperature and humidity they mostly develop. Mycological flora was studied bimonthly in 1989, in 8 homes from Santa Fe City, by exposing three dishes (90 mm) for 20 min. in bathrooms, kitchens and bedrooms. Afterwards, the dishes were incubated for 10 days at 28ºC. Taxonomic identification was made by microscopy of the mature sporulating colonies. Alternaria was the fungal class most frequently found (64 por ciento), followed by Cladospotium (11,4 por ciento), Aspergillus (9,2 por ciento), Curvularia (7 por ciento), Penicillium (4 por ciento), Fusarium (1,2 por ciento) and others (3,2 por ciento). Concerning the rooms, altemaria and Cladosporium were mostly found in kitchens, un like the classes Aspergillus, penicillium and Curvularia that were mostly found in bedrooms. Considering all the colonies as a whole, the totals of each room were: for kitchens 50 por ciento: for bedrooms 28,5 por ciento: and for bathrooms, 21,5 por ciento. The greatest concentration of total colonies was found to those month varied from 70 to 75 por ciento, and the average temperature was stated between 16 and 22ºC. According to the medium values for temperature and humidity in Santa Fe City, spring in the most suitable season for in home molds to develop, being the kitchen the room where a greater number of colonies was found